Nepal
is also a renouned destination for wildlife safaris. Here
exotic game, including Royal Bengal tiger and one-horned rhino
and innumerable species of birds have made the jungle reserves
their home. It covers a unique ecosystem in the world,
containing the High Himalayan region, Trance Himalayan region,
Mid -hill ,Churia hills, ox-bow lakes and flood plains. The
following National parks are the most important wildlife safari
destination of Nepal:
Royal Chitwan National
Park (932 sq. km) is the most popular safari destination.
It covers a unique ecosystem in the world, containing the
Churia hills, ox-bow lakes and flood plains. Dominated by
sal forests, the park has 50 species of grasses. The 43 species
of animals include the endangered one-horned rhino, royal
bengal tiger, gharial crocodile, gaur, wild elephant, four-horned
antelope, striped hyena, pangolin, Gangetic dolphin, monitor
lizard, and pythons.
Royal Bardiya National
Park (968 sq. km) is the largest and most undisturbed
wilderness area in the Terai. It is thickly forested by sal
trees and is carpeted with grass, savannah and riverine forest.
It is a regenerated habitat for endangered species like the
rhinoceros, wild elephant, tiger, swamp deer, black buck,
gharial crocodile and Gangetic dolphin. Endangered birds include
the Bengal florican, lesser florican, silver-eared mesia and
Sarus crane.A jungle safari on elephant back or a four-wheel
drive, canoe rides on the rivers, nature walks and getting
a vivid insight into the lives of the Tharu communities of
central and west Nepal are some of the exciting programs that
one can enjoy in these two wildlife sanctuaries. Ideal for
those with a love for nature and a desire to really get out
into the wild.
Koshi-Tappu-Wildlife-Reserve
This reserve was established in 1976. Its area is 175 sq.
kilometers. This reserve lies in the flood plains of the River
Sapta Koshi in Mideast Nepal, and is a favorite spot for bird
enthusiasts. The reserve's vegetation includes spreads of
tall grass and patches of Sissoo forest. The last surviving
herd of wild buffaloes in Nepal is found here. Other species
include wild boar, hog deer, spotted deer and blue bull called
Nil Gai. A total of 280 species of birds, including ducks
ibises, egrets, herons and floricans, are recorded here. This
area is extremely important for migratory birds. Other animal
species include the crocodile, gharial and the Gangetic dolphins.
Commercial fishing is also an important activity here
Rara-National-Park
Rara National Park was established in 1976. It covers an area
of 106 sq. kilometers. This park is located in Northwest Nepal.
The centerpiece of this park is the pristine Rara Lake. The
park mainly covered by coniferous forest. Trees include blue
pine, juniper and spruce. Wildlife includes musk deer, leopard,
black beer and ghoral. Snow trout is the only fish recorded
in the lake. Birds include grebe, snow cock, kalij pheasant,
chakor and partridge.
Royal Shukla Phanta Wildlife Reserve the Royal Shukla Phanta
Wildlife Reserve was established in 1976, and is located in
the southern part of Far-west Nepal. The reserve is a prime
habitat for swamp deer. Other wild animals include wild elephant,
tiger, hispid hare and blue bull. Birds of 200 different varieties,
including the rare Bengal florican, are found here. Python,
cobra, monitor lizards and crocodiles are also found here.
Khaptad-National-Park
Khaptad National Park was established in 1984, and covers
an area of 255 sq. kilometers. It is located in the mid-mountain
region of Far-west Nepal. The park is covered with plateaus
of grasslands and forests of oak and coniferous trees. The
most common plant species are birch, alder, and bamboo. Wildlife
includes leopard, black bear, musk deer, and ghoral. Bird
species include Impeyan pheasant, chakor, magpie and others.
It has also gained religious fame as home of Khaptad Swami,
a spiritual saint. The best time to visit Khaptad is during
autumn.
Sagarmatha-National-Park
The Sagarmatha National Park in Northeast Nepal includes the
highest point on earth, Mt. Everest at 8,848 meters and other
mountains Lhotse Shar, Cho Oyu, Ama Dablam, Pumori, Kangtega,
Gyachung Kang, Thamserku and Kwangde. Sagarmatha National
Park is 1,148 sq. kilometers in area consisting of upper areas
of rivers Dudh Koshi, Bhote Koshi and Imja Khola. The rugged
region with deep gorges and glaciers is locally called Khumbu,
and is home to the famous Sherpas. The park was declared a
World Heritage Site in 1979.Trees such as rhododendron, birch,
blue pine, juniper and silver fir are found up to an altitude
of 4,000 meters that give to scrub and alpine plants. In late
spring and summer, the hillsides around the villages of Namche
Bazaar, Khumjung, Thyangboche and Thame are splashed with
the colors of different species of rhododendron in bloom.
Animals most likely to be seen in Sagarmatha are the Himalayan
tahr, ghoral, musk deer, mouse hare, weasel, jackal, Himalayan
black bear, wolf, lynx and snow leopard. Birds commonly seen
are Impeyan pheasant, blood pheasant, snow cock, snow pigeon,
red billed and yellow billed chough, Himalayan griffin vulture
and lammergeier.
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